Alternaria
Ubiquitous, Cosmopolitan. Dry spore type, Airborne
Grows well on cellulose surfaces. Does not require significant amounts of water
Soil, sewage, vegetation, plant debris, textiles, food stuffs. Acts as plant pathogen mainly to weaker plants
Common on many different substrates
Grows well on cellulose surfaces. Does not require significant amounts of water
Soil, sewage, vegetation, plant debris, textiles, food stuffs. Acts as plant pathogen mainly to weaker plants
Common on many different substrates
Arthrinium
20+ species. Ubiquitous, Cosmopolitan. Dispersed by Wind
Grows well under favorable conditions
Soil, plant debris
Rarely found growing indoors
Grows well under favorable conditions
Soil, plant debris
Rarely found growing indoors
Ascospores
3000+ Genera
Everywhere
Grows well under a variety of conditions and many are known to be plant pathogens
Commonly found growing indoors on damp substrates
Everywhere
Grows well under a variety of conditions and many are known to be plant pathogens
Commonly found growing indoors on damp substrates
Aspergillus
200+ species. Very common worldwide, A. fumigatus is one of most common species found.
One of the most commonly isolated filamentous fungi involving invasive infections
Ubiquitous, Cosmopolitan
Grows well on a variety of different organic materials
Soil, plant debris, compost piles, stored grain
Common on many different substrates. Water needs vary greatly from species to species
One of the most commonly isolated filamentous fungi involving invasive infections
Ubiquitous, Cosmopolitan
Grows well on a variety of different organic materials
Soil, plant debris, compost piles, stored grain
Common on many different substrates. Water needs vary greatly from species to species
Basidiospores
1,200+ genera
Ubiquitous, Cosmopolitan.
Distributed by wind and released during periods of high humidity or rain
Gardens, forests and woodlands
Dry rot, wood rot and brown rot are all the result of basidiospores producing fungi, however, in the vast majority of cases, basidiospores detected in air samples are not from indoor growth. They are typically brought in through windows and doors. Because of this, mold remediation is typically not required
Ubiquitous, Cosmopolitan.
Distributed by wind and released during periods of high humidity or rain
Gardens, forests and woodlands
Dry rot, wood rot and brown rot are all the result of basidiospores producing fungi, however, in the vast majority of cases, basidiospores detected in air samples are not from indoor growth. They are typically brought in through windows and doors. Because of this, mold remediation is typically not required
Botrys
30+ species. Ubiquitous. These types of mold can be found in temperate or subtropical areas.
Dry spore distributed by wind and rain.
Soil, stored and transported fruit and vegetables. Plant pathogen and saprophyte on flowers, leaves, stems, fruit. Leaf rot on grapes, strawberries, lettuce, cabbage, onions
Often found growing on indoor plants
Dry spore distributed by wind and rain.
Soil, stored and transported fruit and vegetables. Plant pathogen and saprophyte on flowers, leaves, stems, fruit. Leaf rot on grapes, strawberries, lettuce, cabbage, onions
Often found growing on indoor plants
Chaetomium
81+ species. Ubiquitous, cosmopolitan
Often found growing in soil, seeds, cellulose substrates, dung, woody and straw material
Often found growing on damp sheetrock/ drywall/ gypsum board. Also can be found growing on subfloor
Often found growing in soil, seeds, cellulose substrates, dung, woody and straw material
Often found growing on damp sheetrock/ drywall/ gypsum board. Also can be found growing on subfloor
Cladosporium
40+ species. Ubiquitous, Cosmopolitan
One of the most common molds found worldwide
Grows well on cellulose surfaces
Often found growing on textiles, wood, moist window sills, tile grout and often in bathrooms where the relative humidity is regularly above 50%. Also can be found growing on sheetrock, subfloor, OSB and plywood among other surfaces
One of the most common molds found worldwide
Grows well on cellulose surfaces
Often found growing on textiles, wood, moist window sills, tile grout and often in bathrooms where the relative humidity is regularly above 50%. Also can be found growing on sheetrock, subfloor, OSB and plywood among other surfaces
Curvularia
30+ species. Ubiquitous, Cosmopolitan
Grows well on cellulose surfaces
Often found growing in soil, plant litter and decaying plants as well as on leaves
Often found growing on a variety of building materials
Grows well on cellulose surfaces
Often found growing in soil, plant litter and decaying plants as well as on leaves
Often found growing on a variety of building materials
Epicoccum
2+ species. Ubiquitous, Cosmopolitan
Grows well on cellulose surfaces.
Often found growing in soil, plant litter, decaying plants and or damaged plant tissue
Often found growing on a variety of building materials including but not limited to paper, textiles, and insects
Grows well on cellulose surfaces.
Often found growing in soil, plant litter, decaying plants and or damaged plant tissue
Often found growing on a variety of building materials including but not limited to paper, textiles, and insects
Fusarium
70+ species. Ubiquitous, cosmopolitan
Grows well on general fungal media although sporulation in many species requires specialized media
Often found growing on soil, also acts in a saprophytic or parasitic manner on plants. Many species are important plant pathogens
Occasionally found on a variety of substrates. Fusarium requires very wet conditions
Grows well on general fungal media although sporulation in many species requires specialized media
Often found growing on soil, also acts in a saprophytic or parasitic manner on plants. Many species are important plant pathogens
Occasionally found on a variety of substrates. Fusarium requires very wet conditions
Nigrospora
4+ species. Ubiquitous, Cosmopolitan, common in warmer climates.
Often found growing in soil and decaying plant material
Seldom found growing indoors
Often found growing in soil and decaying plant material
Seldom found growing indoors
Pithomyces
15+ species. Ubiquitous, Cosmopolitan
This mold tends to grow well on cellulose surfaces. The growth of spores may be less rapid compared to other types of mold
Often found growing in soil, decaying leaves and grasses
Rarely found growing indoors, but will grow on paper given the right conditions
This mold tends to grow well on cellulose surfaces. The growth of spores may be less rapid compared to other types of mold
Often found growing in soil, decaying leaves and grasses
Rarely found growing indoors, but will grow on paper given the right conditions
Stachybotrys
15+ species. Ubiquitous, Cosmopolitan
Grows well on wet general cellulose surfaces but is slow
Often found growing on Soil, decaying plant substrates, decomposing cellulose (hay, straw), leaf litter, and seeds. Growth not influenced by soil pH or copper; growth enhanced by manure
Grows well indoors on wet general cellulose surfaces such as wallboard, jute, wicker, straw baskets
Grows well on wet general cellulose surfaces but is slow
Often found growing on Soil, decaying plant substrates, decomposing cellulose (hay, straw), leaf litter, and seeds. Growth not influenced by soil pH or copper; growth enhanced by manure
Grows well indoors on wet general cellulose surfaces such as wallboard, jute, wicker, straw baskets
Torula
Ubiquitous, Cosmopolitan
Grows well on general cellulose surfaces but spores may take special nutrients to develop or may be completely absent
Often found growing in soil, dead herbaceous stems, wood, grasses, sugar beet root, groundnuts and oats
Grows indoors on cellulose containing materials such as jute, old sacking, wicker, straw baskets, wood, and paper
Grows well on general cellulose surfaces but spores may take special nutrients to develop or may be completely absent
Often found growing in soil, dead herbaceous stems, wood, grasses, sugar beet root, groundnuts and oats
Grows indoors on cellulose containing materials such as jute, old sacking, wicker, straw baskets, wood, and paper
Ulocladium
9+ species Ubiquitous, Cosmopolitan
Grows well on general cellulose surfaces
Often found growing in soil, dung, paint, grasses, fibers, wood, decaying plant material, paper, and textiles
Grows indoors on cellulose containing materials such as gypsum board, paper, paint, tapestries, jute, other straw materials. Ulocladium has a high water requirement
Grows well on general cellulose surfaces
Often found growing in soil, dung, paint, grasses, fibers, wood, decaying plant material, paper, and textiles
Grows indoors on cellulose containing materials such as gypsum board, paper, paint, tapestries, jute, other straw materials. Ulocladium has a high water requirement